What Is the Difference Between Computer Forensics and Cyber Security?

Cyber security focuses on deploying tools and creating protocols that defend against cyberattacks. Cyber security professionals use a combination of information technology (IT) skills such as programming, networking and a knowledge of operating systems (OS) to create a system that cannot be breached, thus protecting the information within the system and protect the system’s ability to function.

While cyber security as a discipline is primarily concerned with preventing cybercrime, ethical hackers are professionals that play an important part the cyber security field. Those who work in this niche position will actively use their offensive skills in order to test a network’s strengths, search for weaknesses and suggest how to improve them.

While it may surprise you, cyber security involves working with non-digital information as well as digital. For example, tasks like setting user permissions, establishing file transfer protocols (FTP) and frequently changing secure passwords are all vital elements of cyber security. And this responsibility is  not just up to one individual; everyone within an organization needs to know how to practice safe computer usage for proper security to be maintained.

As discussed, cyber security is focused on prevention while computer forensics is about recovery and reaction. Despite their differences, both are meant to protect data, programs, networks and other digital assets. Cyber security helps to prevent cybercrimes from happening, while computer forensics helps recover data when an attack does occur and also helps identify the culprit behind the crime.

It helps to think of cyber security professionals as a security company, and to think of computer forensics experts as investigators. If you’re considering either of these two disciplines as a career choice, ask yourself which path better suits your interests and career goals.

In order to do their jobs, cyber security professionals use many different kinds of tools to protect networks and the information they house. Some of the tools they use include:

• Web application firewalls (WAF): These firewalls help protect web applications from breaches and keep data secure.
• Vulnerability scanners: These tools help scan through networks and programs to identify vulnerabilities that can be potentially exploited by cybercriminals.
• Penetration testing tools: Penetration testing tools are used by cyber security professionals to carry out sanctioned hacks on their own systems in order to uncover weaknesses.
• Malware detectors: Malware detectors review sites and programs to see whether they have been infected with malware and pose a threat.
• Password security tools: Password security tools help identify  weak passwords, autofill saved passwords or generate passwords to help keep devices secure.

Determining which field is right for you depends on your goals and interests. Cyber security may be a more interesting field to those who wish to protect other people's data from cybercrimes. Computer forensics is likely to appeal to people who are interested in technology and detective work because of its investigative nature.

The good news is that according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics¹, Information Security Analyst positions are expected to grow by 33% on a national level between 2020 and 2030, though a bachelor’s degree and experience in the field are required for many positions in either the cyber security or computer forensics industries.

DeVry University can help you start on the path toward a new career. We offer a Bachelor's Degree in Computer Information Systems with specializations in both Cyber Security Programming and Computer Forensics.